Django - 搜索与分页器

2020-08-03 15:07:32

在Django中进行搜索，利用Django自带的Q 查询。

配置models

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from django.db import models
from django.db.models import Q


class BookManager(models.Manager):
    def search(self, query=None):
        qs = self.get_queryset()
        # 这里需要查询的类型
        if query is not None:
            or_lookup = (Q(title__icontains=query) |
                         Q(content__icontains=query)
                        )
            qs = qs.filter(or_lookup).distinct() # distinct() is often necessary with Q lookups
        return qs


class Book(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    content = models.TextField()
    date_posted = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
    author = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    publisher = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    url = models.URLField()

    objects = BookManager()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

配置views

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from itertools import chain
from .models import Book
from django.views.generic import ListView



class SearchView(ListView):
    # 配置你的模板
    template_name = 'search.html'
    paginate_by = 30
    count = 0

    def get_context_data(self, *args, **kwargs):
        context = super().get_context_data(*args, **kwargs)
        context['count'] = self.count or 0
        context['query'] = self.request.GET.get('q')
        return context

    def get_queryset(self):
        request = self.request
        query = request.GET.get('q', None)

        if query is not None:
            results = Book.objects.search(query)

            # combine querysets
            queryset_chain = chain(
                results,
            )
            qs = sorted(queryset_chain,
                        key=lambda instance: instance.pk,
                        reverse=True)
            self.count = len(qs)  # since qs is actually a list
            return qs
        return Book.objects.none()  # just an empty queryset as default

配置urls

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from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    …………
    path('search/', views.SearchView.as_view(), name='search'),
]

配置html文件

搜索表单：

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<form class="navbar-form navbar-left" method="get">
    <div class="form-group">
        {% csrf_token %}
        <input type="text" name="q" data-toggle="popover" class="form-control" value="{{ request.GET.q }}" placeholder="输入你感兴趣的图书或者作者……">
    </div>
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">搜 索</button>
</form>
<br/>

内容显示：

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{% for object in object_list %}
    # 这是是搜索内容object
{% endfor %}

分页器在搜索的时候不能直接是page=1之类的， 需要加上&q={{ request.GET.q }}{% endif %}。

分页器：

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{% if is_paginated %}

  {% if page_obj.has_previous %}
    <a class="btn btn-outline-info mb-4" href="?page=1{% if request.GET.q %}&q={{ request.GET.q }}{% endif %}">首页</a>
    <a class="btn btn-outline-info mb-4" href="?page={{ page_obj.previous_page_number }}{% if request.GET.q %}&q={{ request.GET.q }}{% endif %}">上一页</a>
  {% endif %}

  {% for num in page_obj.paginator.page_range %}
    {% if page_obj.number == num %}
      <a class="btn btn-info mb-4" href="?page={{ num }}{% if request.GET.q %}&q={{ request.GET.q }}{% endif %}">{{ num }}</a>
    {% elif num > page_obj.number|add:'-3' and num < page_obj.number|add:'3' %}
      <a class="btn btn-outline-info mb-4" href="?page={{ num }}{% if request.GET.q %}&q={{ request.GET.q }}{% endif %}">{{ num }}</a>
    {% endif %}
  {% endfor %}

  {% if page_obj.has_next %}
    <a class="btn btn-outline-info mb-4" href="?page={{ page_obj.next_page_number }}{% if request.GET.q %}&q={{ request.GET.q }}{% endif %}">下一页</a>
    <a class="btn btn-outline-info mb-4" href="?page={{ page_obj.paginator.num_pages }}{% if request.GET.q %}&q={{ request.GET.q }}{% endif %}">页尾</a>
  {% endif %}

{% endif %}
  1. 1. 配置models
  2. 2. 配置views
  3. 3. 配置urls
  4. 4. 配置html文件